Module 1 - The Solar System

Orbits, Rotation and Temperature

All planets orbit the Sun in the same sense:

Each planet rotates and the axis and sense of rotation of these planets is very similar.  With the exception of Venus, Uranus and Pluto, the rotation axes of the planets are approximately parallel to the rotation axis of the sun and the sense of rotation is the same as illustrated in this image.

As you might expect, planetary temperature decreases with increasing distance from the Sun.  The farther from the Sun the planet, the colder it is.  The big exception to that rule is Venus as illustrated in the graphic below (For comparison, the temperature to melt lead is 327.5˚C). We'll discuss that later. The temperatures in the graphic below of the gas and ice giants (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune) are taken from a level in the atmosphere equal in pressure to sea level on Earth.
There are also lots of objects besides planets in the solar system, as we'll see next.

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